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Multiplication

Learning to Multiply by 10s

Ten's Trick: Add a zero to the number you are multiplying (10 x 2, for example, add a zero to the 2 to make it 20)

**Learning the 10s**
10 x 0 = 0	10 x 7 = 70
10 x 1 = 10	10 x 8 = 80
10 x 2 = 20	10 x 9 = 90
10 x 3 = 30	10 x 10 = 100
10 x 4 = 40	10 x 11 = 110
10 x 5 = 50	10 x 12 = 120
10 x 6 = 60

A fun way to get used to the 10s times table is to skip count ...

0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 110, 120

Be sure to practice skip counting backwards !

120, 110, 100, 90, 80, 70, 60, 50, 40, 30, 20, 10, 0

**Give the answers, reading across the graph**
10 + 10 = ?	Two 10s = ?	2 x 10 = ?
10 + 10 + 10 = ?	Three 10s = ?	3 x 10 = ?
10 + 10 + 10 + 10 = ?	Four 10s = ?	4 x 10 = ?
10 + 10 + 10 + 10 + 10 = ?	Five 10s = ?	5 x 10 = ?
10 + 10 + 10 + 10 + 10 + 10 = ?	Six 10s = ?	6 x 10 = ?
10 + 10 + 10 + 10 + 10 + 10 + 10 = ?	Seven 10s = ?	7 x 10 = ?

**Give the answers, reading across the graph**
10 + 10 + 10 + 10 + 10 + 10 + 10 +10 = ?	Eight 10s = ?
10 + 10 + 10 + 10 + 10 + 10 + 10 + 10 + 10 = ?	Nine 10s = ?
10 + 10 + 10 + 10 + 10 + 10 + 10 + 10 + 10 + 10 = ?	Ten 10s = ?
10 + 10 + 10 + 10 + 10 + 10 + 10 + 10 + 10 + 10 + 10 = ?	Eleven 10s = ?
10 + 10 + 10 + 10 + 10 + 10 + 10 + 10 + 10 + 10 + 10 + 10 = ?	Twelve 10s = ?

Practice Problems

**What is the cost of:**
three 10-cent forks?	six 10-cent peppermint sticks?
ten 10-cent toy race cars?	two 10-cent tarts?
five 10-cent combs?	eleven 10-cent crayons?
twelve 10-cent kites?	four 10-cent marbles?
seven 10-cent pansies?	eight 10-cent tickets?
nine 10-cent cookies?	one 10-cent toothpick?

**See if you can give the answers quickly !**
10 x 0 = ?	10 x 3 = ?
10 x 5 = ?	10 x 10 = ?
10 x 11 = ?	10 x 12 = ?
10 x 4 = ?	10 x 1 = ?
10 x 2 = ?	10 x 6 = ?
10 x 7 = ?	10 x 8 = ?
10 x 9 = ?	10 x 12 = ?

**What is the cost for:**
Ten 12-cent figs?	Ten 9-cent olives?
Ten 2-cent limes?	Ten 4-cent radishes?
Ten 10-cent pickles?	Ten 5-cent crackers?
Ten 3-cent oranges?	Ten 7-cent glasses of juice?
Ten 6-cent grapes?	Ten 1-cent chocolates?
Ten 8-cent strawberries?	Ten 11-cent plums?

How many are ten 0s? Ten 1s? Ten 2s? Ten 3s? Ten 4s? Ten 5s? Ten 6s? Ten 7s? Ten 8s? Ten 9s? Ten 10s? Ten 11s? Ten 12s?

Learning to Divide by 10s

Do you remember that the ÷ sign means divide? When we see the ÷ sign we say divided by. Division is a type of reversed multiplication. It just takes a wee bit of practice. (NOTE: 0 divided by any number equals 0)

Be sure to practice skip counting as it helps us to divide quickly ...

0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 110, 120

Be sure to practice skip counting backwards !

120, 110, 100, 90, 80, 70, 60, 50, 40, 30, 20, 10, 0

**10s Division**
10 ÷ 0 = 0	70 ÷ 10 = 7
10 ÷ 10 = 1	80 ÷ 10 = 8
20 ÷ 10 = 2	90 ÷ 10 = 9
30 ÷ 10 = 3	100 ÷ 10 = 10
40 ÷ 10 = 4	110 ÷ 10 = 11
50 ÷ 10 = 5	120 ÷ 10 = 12
60 ÷ 10 = 6

Practice Problems

**Give the missing numbers**
10 ÷ 10 = ?	60 ÷ 10 = ?
70 ÷ 10 = ?	100 ÷ 10 = ?
40 ÷ 10 = ?	50 ÷ 10 = ?
20 ÷ 10 = ?	0 ÷ 10 = ?
50 ÷ 10 = ?	110 ÷ 10 = ?
30 ÷ 10 = ?	90 ÷ 10 = ?
80 ÷ 10 = ?	120 ÷ 10 = ?

Did you notice that if you remove the zero from the number that is being divided you have your answer? With 120 ÷ 10, the zero is removed from the 120 which leaves 12 and that is your answer ! Fun !

**Quickly give the answers working across the graph**
20 = ? 10s	20 = 10 x ?	10 ÷ 2 = ?
30 = ? 10s	30 = 10 x ?	30 ÷ 3 = ?
40 = ? 10s	40 = 10 x ?	40 ÷ 4 = ?
50 = ? 10s	50 = 10 x ?	50 ÷ 5 = ?
70 = ? 10s	70 = 10 x ?	70 ÷ 7 = ?
80 = ? 10s	80 = 10 x ?	80 ÷ 8 = ?
60 = ? 10s	60 = 10 x ?	60 ÷ 6 = ?
100 = ? 10s	100 = 10 x ?	100 ÷ 10 = ?
90 = ? 10s	90 = 10 x ?	90 ÷ 9 = ?
120 = ? 10s	120 = 10 x ?	120 ÷ 12 = ?
110 = ? 10s	110 = 10 x ?	110 ÷ 11 = ?

Nick found 120 pecans. If he wanted to divide them equally among 10 children, how much would each child receive?

Rachel picked 30 strawberries. If these strawberries were to be divided into 10 equal piles, how many piles would there be?

There were 110 people sitting in 10 church pews waiting for services to begin. How many folks were in each pew?

There were 10 jelly beans in the jar. If Anne gave them to her mother, how many jelly beans did her mother get?

A dime is worth 10 pennies or 10 cents.
Answer the following ... (Hint: Divide by 10)
10¢ = ? dimes	30¢ = ? dimes
70¢ = ? dimes	80¢ = ? dimes
110¢ = ? dimes	40¢ = ? dimes
100¢ = ? dimes	10¢ = ? dimes
50¢ = ? dimes	20¢ = ? dimes
60¢ = ? dimes	90¢ = ? dimes
120¢ = ? dimes	0¢ = ? dimes

10s Fact Family

0
10 x 0 = 0	10 ÷ 0 = 0
0 x 10 = 0	0÷ 10 = 0

**10,1**
1 x 10 = 10	10 ÷ 1 = 10
10 x 1 = 10	10 ÷ 10 = 1

**2,10,20**
2 x 10 = 20	20 ÷ 10 = 2
10 x 2 = 20	20 ÷ 2 = 10

**3,10,30**
10 x 3 = 30	30 ÷ 3 = 10
3 x 10 = 30	30 ÷ 10 = 3

**4,10,40**
10 x 4 = 40	40 ÷ 10 = 4
4 x 10 = 40	40 ÷ 4 = 10

**5,10,50**
10 x 5 = 50	50 ÷ 10 = 5
5 x 10 = 50	50 ÷ 5 = 10

**6,10,60**
10 x 6 = 60	60 ÷ 10 = 6
6 x 10 = 60	60 ÷ 6 = 10

**7,10, 70**
10 x 7 = 70	70 ÷ 10 = 7
7 x 10 = 70	70 ÷ 7 = 10

**8,10,80**
10 x 8 = 80	80 ÷ 10 = 8
8 x 10 = 80	80 ÷ 8 = 10

**9,10,90**
10 x 9 = 90	90 ÷ 10 = 9
9 x 10 = 90	90 ÷ 9 = 10

**10,100**
10 x 10 = 100	100 ÷ 10 = 10

**11,10, 110**
10 x 11 = 110	110 ÷ 10 = 11
11 x 10 = 110	110 ÷ 11 = 10

**12,10,120**
10 x 12 = 120	120 ÷ 10 = 12
12 x 10 = 120	120 ÷ 12 = 10

When one thing or a number of things is divided into ten equal parts, each part is called one tenth. One tenth is written 1/10. We can find 1/10 of any number by dividing the number by 10.

**What is:**
1/10 of 70?	70 ÷ 10 = ?
1/10 of 10?	10 ÷ 10 = ?
1/10 of 100?	100 ÷ 10 = ?
1/10 of 20?	20 ÷ 10 = ?
1/10 of 110?	110 ÷ 10 = ?
1/10 of 30?	30 ÷ 10 = ?
1/10 of 90?	90 ÷ 10 = ?
1/10 of 40?	40 ÷ 10 = ?
1/10 of 120?	120 ÷ 10 = ?
1/10 of 50?	50 ÷ 10 = ?
1/10 of 80?	80 ÷ 10 = ?
1/10 of 60?	60 ÷ 10 = ?

Quickie Question: Did you know that a tithe is 1/10 (one tenth) of what you earn? A tithe is what we give to God.

**What is**
1/10 of 10 jar?	1/10 of 20 puppies?
1/10 of 30 keys?	1/10 of 100 clocks?
1/10 of 40 shoes?	1/10 of 110 pitchers?
1/10 of 90 cups?	1/10 of 70 teddy bears?
1/10 of 50 hens?	1/10 of 120 pretzels?
1/10 of 60 glasses?	1/10 of 80 herbs?

**What is ...**
(Hint: Do multiplication first then the addition)
10 x 2 + 1 ?	10 x 8 + 2 ?
10 x 4 + 5 ?	10 x 3 + 4 ?
10 x 12 + 6	10 x 5 + 9 ?
10 x 1 + 4 ?	10 x 10 + 3 ?
10 x 7 + 1 ?	10 x 11 + 2 ?
10 x 10 + 8 ?	10 x 6 + 7 ?
10 x 9 + 3 ?	10 x 0 + 5 ?

Before you go on to the 3s times tables, be sure to ...

1) Review your skip counting for all the times tables you have done so far
... frontwards and backwards

2) Have your daddy, mama, sister, or brother flash
you all the multiplication/division facts you have learned.
See how fast and accurate you can be !

3) complete the Multiplication Chart for
what you already know !

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