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Multiplication

Learning to Multiply by 3s

**Learning the 3s**
3 x 0 = 0	3 x 7 = 21
3 x 1 = 3	3 x 8 = 24
3 x 2 = 6	3 x 9 = 27
3 x 3 = 9	3 x 10 = 30
3 x 4 = 12	3 x 11 = 33
3 x 5 = 15	3 x 12 = 36
3 x 6 = 18

A fun way to get used to the 3s time table is to skip count ...

0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, 24, 27, 30, 33, 36

Be sure to practice skip counting backwards !

36, 33, 30, 27, 24, 21, 18, 15, 12, 9, 6, 3, 0

**Give the answers, reading across the graph**
3 + 3 = ?	Two 3s = ?	3 x 2 = ?
3 + 3 + 3 = ?	Three 3s = ?	3 x 3 = ?
3 + 3 + 3 + 3 = ?	Four 3s = ?	3 x 4 = ?
3 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 = ?	Five 3s = ?	3 x 5 = ?
3 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 = ?	Six 3s = ?	3 x 6 = ?
3 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 = ?	Seven 3s = ?	3 x 7 = ?

**Give the answers, reading across the graph**
3 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 = ?	Eight 3s = ?	3 x 8 = ?
3 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 = ?	Nine 3s = ?	3 x 9 = ?
3 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 = ?	Ten 3s = ?	3 x 10 = ?
3 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 = ?	Eleven 3s = ?	3 x 11 = ?
3 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 = ?	Twelve 3s = ?	3 x 12 = ?

Practice Problems

**What is the cost of:**
three 3-cent plums?	six 3-cent peppermint sticks?
ten 3-cent tops?	two 3-cent tarts?
five 3-cent stickers?	eleven 3-cent crayons?
twelve 3-cent buttons?	four 3-cent marbles?
seven 3-cent violets?	eight 3-cent gum drops?
nine 3-cent cookies?	one 3-cent apple?

**See if you can give the answers quickly !**
3 x 0 = ?	3 x 3 = ?
3 x 5 = ?	3 x 10 = ?
3 x 11 = ?	3 x 12 = ?
3 x 4 = ?	3 x 1 = ?
3 x 2 = ?	3 x 6 = ?
3 x 7 = ?	3 x 9 = ?
3 x 8 = ?	3 x 5 = ?

**What is the cost for:**
Three 12-cent figs?	Three 9-cent cupcakes?
Three 2-cent erasers?	Three 4-cent sticky buns?
Three 10-cent pickles?	Three 5-cent tops?
Three 3-cent pencils?	Three 7-cent pinwheels?
Three 6-cent stickers?	Three 1-cent trading cards?
Three 8-cent toy dogs?	Three 11-cent plums?

How many are three 0s? Three 1s? Three 2s? Three 3s? Three 4s? Three 5s? Three 6s? Three 7s? Three 8s? Three 9s? Three 10s? Three 11s? Three 12s?

Learning to Divide by 3s

Do you remember that the ÷ sign means divide? When we see the ÷ sign we say divided by. Division is a type of reversed multiplication. It just takes a wee bit of practice. (NOTE: 0 divided by any number equals 0)

Be sure to practice skip counting as it helps us to divide quickly ...

0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, 24, 27, 30, 33, 36

Be sure to practice skip counting backwards !

36, 33, 30, 27, 24, 21, 18, 15, 12, 9, 6, 3, 0

3 ÷ 0 = 0	18 ÷ 3 = 6
3 ÷ 1 = 3	21 ÷ 3 = 7
3 ÷ 3 = 1	24 ÷ 3 = 8
6 ÷ 3 = 2	27 ÷ 3 = 9
9 ÷ 3 = 3	30 ÷ 3 = 10
12 ÷ 3 = 4	33 ÷ 3 = 11
15 ÷ 3 = 5	36 ÷ 3 = 12

Practice Problems

**Give the missing numbers**
3 ÷ 3 = ?	24 ÷ 3 = ?
6 ÷ 3 = ?	30 ÷ 3 = ?
12 ÷ 3 = ?	9 ÷ 3 = ?
33 ÷ 3 = ?	0 ÷ 3 = ?
27 ÷ 3 = ?	36 ÷ 3 = ?
21 ÷ 3 = ?	15 ÷ 3 = ?
18 ÷ 3 = ?	24 ÷ 3 = ?

**Quickly give the answers working across the graph**
6 = ? 3s	6 = 3 x ?	6 ÷ 2 = ?
9 = ? 3s	9 = 3 x ?	9 ÷ 3 = ?
12 = ? 3s	12 = 3 x ?	12 ÷ 4 = ?
15 = ? 3s	15 = 3 x ?	15 ÷ 3 = ?
21 = ? 3s	21 = 3 x ?	21 ÷ 7 = ?
24 = ? 3s	24 = 3 x ?	24 ÷ 3 = ?
18 = ? 3s	24 = 3 x ?	18 ÷ 6 = ?
27 = ? 3s	27 = 3 x ?	27 ÷ 3 = ?
36 = ? 3s	36 = 3 x ?	36 ÷ 3 = ?
30 = ? 3s	30 = 3 x ?	30 ÷ 3 = ?
33 = ? 3s	33 = 3 x ?	33 ÷ 3 = ?
3 = ? 3s	3 = 3 x ?	3 ÷ 3 = ?

3 feet = 1 yard
How many yards are in ..
12 feet ? 12 ÷ 3 = ?	6 feet ? 6 ÷ 3 = ?
15 feet ? 15 ÷ 3 = ?	27 feet ? 27 ÷ 3 = ?
3 feet ? 3 ÷ 3 = ?	18 feet ? 18 ÷ 3 = ?
24 feet ? 24 ÷ 3 = ?	21 feet ? 21 ÷ 3 = ?
9 feet ? 9 ÷ 3 = ?	33 feet ? 33 ÷ 3 = ?
30 feet ? 30 ÷ 3 = ?	36 feet ? 36 ÷ 3 = ?

3s Fact Family

0
3 x 0 = 0	3 ÷ 0 = 0
0 x 3 = 0	0 ÷ 3 = 0

**1,3**
3 x 1 = 3	3 ÷ 1 = 3
1 x 3 = 3	3 ÷ 3 = 1

**2,3,6**
2 x 3 = 6	6 ÷ 2 = 3
3 x 2 = 6	6 ÷ 3 = 2

**3,9**
3 x 3 = 9	9 ÷ 3 = 3

**4,3,12**
3 x 4 = 12	12 ÷ 3 = 4
4 x 3 = 12	12 ÷ 4 = 3

**5,3,15**
3 x 5 = 15	15 ÷ 3 = 5
5 x 3 = 15	15 ÷ 5 = 3

**6,3,18**
3 x 6 = 18	18 ÷ 3 = 6
6 x 3 = 18	18 ÷ 6 = 3

**7,3,21**
3 x 7 = 21	21 ÷ 3 = 7
7 x 3 = 21	21 ÷ 7 = 3

**8,3,24**
3 x 8 = 24	24 ÷ 3 = 8
8 x 3 = 24	24 ÷ 8 = 3

**9,3,27**
3 x 9 = 27	27 ÷ 3 = 9
9 x 3 = 27	27 ÷ 9 = 3

**10,3,30**
3 x 10 = 30	30 ÷ 3 = 10
10 x 3 = 30	30 ÷ 10 = 3

**11,3,33**
3 x 11 = 33	33 ÷ 3 = 11
11 x 3 = 33	33 ÷ 11 = 3

**12,3,36**
3 x 12 = 36	36 ÷ 3 = 12
12 x 3 = 36	36 ÷ 12 = 3

When one thing or a number of things is divided into three equal parts, each part is called one third. One third is written 1/3. We can find 1/3 of any number by dividing the number by 3.

**What is:**
1/3 of 3?	3 ÷ 3 = ?
1/3 of 6?	6 ÷ 3 = ?
1/3 of 9?	9 ÷ 3 = ?
1/3 of 12?	12 ÷ 3 = ?
1/3 of 15?	15 ÷ 3 = ?
1/3 of 18?	18 ÷ 3 = ?
1/3 of 21?	21 ÷ 3 = ?
1/3 of 24?	24 ÷ 3 = ?
1/3 of 27?	27 ÷ 3 = ?
1/3 of 30?	30 ÷ 3 = ?
1/3 of 33?	33 ÷ 3 = ?
1/3 of 36?	36 ÷ 3 = ?

**What is**
1/3 of 6 blocks?	1/3 of 12 tops?
1/3 of 18 dollars?	1/3 of 3 horses?
1/3 of 24 dolls?	1/3 of 33 cars?
1/3 of 9 books?	1/3 of 15 park rides?
1/3 of 30 cookies?	1/3 of 27 trucks?
1/3 of 36 planes?	1/3 of 21 cents?

**What is ...**
(Hint: Do multiplication first then the addition)
3 x 2 + 1 ?	3 x 8 + 2 ?
3 x 4 + 5 ?	3 x 3 + 4 ?
3 x 12 + 1 ?	3 x 5 + 1 ?
3 x 1 + 4 ?	3 x 10 + 3 ?
3 x 7 + 1 ?	3 x 11 + 2 ?
3 x 10 + 1 ?	3 x 6 + 2 ?
3 x 9 + 3 ?	3 x 0 + 5 ?

Three's trick: To find out if a number can be divided by 3 evenly, add the sum. (e.g., 45 ÷ 3 will not have a remainder since 4 + 5 = 9 and 3 will go into 9 evenly)

Before you go on to the 4s times tables, be sure to ...

1) Review your skip counting for all the times tables you have done so far
... frontwards and backwards

2) Have your daddy, mama, sister, or brother flash
you all the multiplication/division facts you have learned.
See how fast and accurate you can be !

3) complete the Multiplication Chart for
what you already know !

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